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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク 1855 Wairarapa earthquake ： ウィキペディア英語版 1855 Wairarapa earthquake The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on 23 January at about 9 p.m., affecting much of the Cook Strait area of New Zealand, including Marlborough in the South Island and Wellington and Wairarapa in the North Island. In Wellington, close to the epicenter, shaking lasted for at least 50 seconds. The magnitude of the earthquake is estimated to have been in the range 8.2–8.3, the most powerful recorded in New Zealand since systematic European colonisation began in 1840.〔(M 8.2 - 8.3, Wairarapa, 23 January 1855 )〕 This earthquake was associated with the largest observed movement on a strike-slip fault, maximum . It has been suggested that the surface rupture formed by this event helped influence Charles Lyell to link earthquakes with rapid movement on faults.〔(Sibson, R. H. (2006). Charles Lyell and the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake in New Zealand: Recognition of fault rupture accompanying an earthquake. Seismological Research Letters, 77(3), 358-363 ).〕 ==Tectonic setting== New Zealand lies along the boundary between the Australian and Pacific Plates. In the South Island most of the relative displacement between these plates is taken up along a single dextral (right lateral) strike-slip fault with a major reverse component, the Alpine Fault. In the North Island the displacement is mainly taken up along the Kermadec subduction zone, although the remaining dextral strike-slip component of the relative plate motion is accommodated by the North Island Fault System (NIFS).〔(Mouslopoulou,V., Nicol,A., Little, T.A. & Walsh, J.J. 2007. Terminations of large strike-slip faults: an alternative model from New Zealand. In: Cunningham, W. D. & Mann, P (eds).Tectonics of Strike-Slip Restraining and Releasing Bends. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 290; p. 387-415. )〕 A group of dextral strike-slip structures, known as the Marlborough Fault System, transfer displacement between the mainly transform and convergent type plate boundaries in a complex zone at the northern end of the South Island.〔(Van Dissen, R. & Yeats, R.S. 1991. Hope Fault, Jordan Thrust, and uplift of the Seaward Kaikoura Range, New Zealand. Geology, 19, 393-396 ).〕 The earthquake occurred on the Wairarapa Fault which is part of the NIFS. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1855 Wairarapa earthquake」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.